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        /*
            1.初始化阶段：由ReactDOM.render()触发 ---- 初次渲染
                1.constructor
                2.getDerivedStateFromProps
                3.render()
                4.componentDidMount
            2.更新阶段，由内部组件setState或父组件重新render触发
                1.getDerivedStateFromProps
                2.shouldComponentUpdate
                3.render
                4.getSnapshotBeforeUpdate
                5.componentDidUpdate
            3.卸载组件，由ReactDOM.unmountComponentAtNode()触发
                1.componentWillUnmount()
        */
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